If you mean for it change automatically, then no. The expression will still have the old field name. You would have to go back to your expression and change it. You could use a variable to store the field name, and then use that in your expressions. Then you can reduce the amount of times you have to change it. But that might not be worth it if you aren't constantly changing it or only use it a handful of times.
In fact, QlikView tries to fix expressions if a field has been renamed. In some cases it succeeds (I just tried), in some it doesn't. Don't count on it, especially if you rename multiple fields at once.
Yep Michael is right. I just tested it out too with an Inline table, and sometimes it does and sometimes it doesn't. I noticed as one example that it didn't work when I used the field name in an aggr() function as one of the aggregates. However when I load fields like:
