The short answers:
1) A modern web browser
2) As an App on a Web Site (QlikView AccessPoint)
3) QlikView AccessPoint usually or a direct URL if you want
4) Any machine.
A bit more elaborate explanations:
1) AJAX client is the term often used for modern web browser. It means that a user can use any of the most popular web browser in all the recent versions and make full use of deployed applications on a QlikView Server. There is no need for any extra software on the client-side (browser). This is often referred to as zero footprint also.
This is the most common way of "deploying" QlikView applications as there is no need to install software for every user. They only need a URL that gets them to the QlikView AccessPoint. The AccessPoint is the portal page that gives the access to the various applications/documents that have been deployed on a QlikView server. The AccessPoint is an ASP.NET web-application that is an integral part of a QlikView server installation - it is running on top of either QlikView WebServer (subset of Microsoft IIS) or the full Microsoft Internet Information Server.
2) The preferred solution is to deploy as and App on the AccessPoint and the AccessPoint is then the website that is a "menusystem" to group/find and access the different QlikView Applications.
3) The client is most often a browser where you use a URL to get to the AccessPoint. The AccessPoint will give you further access to the applications. You can however use the full QlikView Desktop to connect to a QlikView server without going through the AccessPoint and then launch and use deployed applications from this. It is the same applications that will serve all types of clients.
4) The clients can use the URL/AccessPoint from any machine. Windows integrated security (Active Directory) through the browser will authenticate the user and CAL (Client Access Licenses) will be allocated accordingly. The CAL's can be allocated per single client computer - but that is a less common (maybe very seldom) use.
