Accepted Solutions
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Hi Alex,
Here is my approach.
Most important thing to understand is how do you want your end users to access the report. There are two ways...
You can calculate Max Year, Max Quarter and Max Month for the whole document. This way users will always view the latest data. I mean I would use {1} instead {$} where {1} represents full dataset and {$} for current selection.
Now, I am using the first approach to always show current period and previous period.
Step 1: Declaring Variables
I would declare my variable to calculate the CurrentYear, CurrentQTR, CurrentMonth & CurrentWeek. Something like this...
vCurrentQTR = Max({1} QuarterID)
vPreviousQTR = Max({1} QuarterID) -1
Same will be case for all the time dimensions.
*Please note that you can declare these variable in Load Script for better performance instead of declaring within QV document.
Step 2: Expression Building
Now, I would use these variable to create expressions. For example if I wanted to calculate Sales for CurrentQTR & PreviousQTR. I would use the below expressions...
Sales for Current QTR : Sum({$<QuarterID={$(=($(vCurrentQTR)))}>} Sales)
Sales for Previous QTR : Sum({$<QuarterID={$(=($(vPreviousQTR)))}>} Sales)
Again, You can just replace your variable for other time dimensions with same expression.
Let's Assume If you wanted to QTR over QTR Sales then I would use...
Sum({$<QuarterID={$(=($(vCurrentQTR)))}>} Sales) / Sum({$<QuarterID={$(=($(vPreviousQTR)))}>} Sales)
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Let's assume that you wanted to give the power to User to select Time Dimensions. I mean if you wanted to calculate the above expression for current selection then simply replace {1} with {$} in your variables.
I had used this approach for many projects. The main advantage is code re-usability and accuracy of expression. I mean my variables are actually underlying expressions and I can control them from one location and re-use them whenever required.
I hope this all makes sense. I understand that this might seem little complex at the beginning...but it will be very easy once you understand approach. Do let me know if you have more questions. I wish I could access some of your sample data to provide QV demonstration 
I haven't answered your question to the 3rd point (regarding 46 day in current QTR). I will do that sometime this evening. Meanwhile you have something to work on
Good luck and sorry for the long past... you might need a break now!!!
Cheers - DV
You are welcome
Sure, I will try to squeeze sometime to give you some idea on Set Analysis. I'll try to mock up some expressions... meanwhile if other users can help that will be brilliant. Regarding the previous document I had attached, please ignore that and have a look at the new attachment and look at the variable overiew window for Point in Time reporting. I hope this will give more ideas. Sorry, I had attached wrong document in previous post.
Cheers - DV